Modala adverb

Adverbs of manner tell us how something happens. They are usually placed either after the main verb or after the object.

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Modala adverb talar om för oss hur någonting händer. Vanligtvis placeras de efter huvudverbet, eller efter objektet.

Exempel

He swims well.
He ran quickly.
She spoke softly.
James coughed loudly to attract her attention.
He plays the flute beautifully. (after the direct object)
He ate the chocolate cake greedily. (after the direct object)

Ett modalt adverb kan inte placeras mellan ett verb och dess direkta objekt. Adverbet måste antingen placeras före verbet, eller i slutet av satsen.

Exempel

He ate greedily the chocolate cake. [incorrect]
He ate the chocolate cake greedily. [correct]
He greedily ate the chocolate cake. [correct]
He gave us generously the money. [incorrect]
He gave us the money generously. [correct]
He generously gave us the money. [correct]

Om det finns en preposition före verbets objekt, kan du placera det modala adverbet före prepositionen, eller efter objektet.

Exempel

The child ran happily towards his mother.
The child ran towards his mother happily.

Modala adverb bör alltid komma direkt efter verb som står utan objekt (intransitiva verb).

Exempel

The town grew quickly after 1997.
He waited patiently for his mother to arrive.

Dessa vanligt förekommande modala adverb, placeras nästan alltid direkt efter verbet: well, badly, hard, & fast

Exempel

He swam well despite being tired.
The rain fell hard during the storm.

Adverbets position är viktig när meningen innehåller mer än ett verb. Om adverbet placeras före eller efter ett verb, modifieras endast detta verb. Om adverbet placeras efter en sats, så modifierar det hela den händelse som satsen beskriver. Notera skillnaden i betydelse mellan följande meningar:

Exempel	Betydelse
She quickly agreed to re-type the letter.	samtyckandet var snabbt
She agreed quickly to re-type the letter.	samtyckandet var snabbt
She agreed to re-type the letter quickly.	omskrivandet var snabbt
He quietly asked me to leave the house.	bedjandet var tyst
He asked me quietly to leave the house.	bedjandet var tyst
He asked me to leave the house quietly.	lämnandet var tyst